BISMILAH ARHMAN RAHEEM.... Shaitan Koun Hay Aur Iss Kay Fraiz Kya han l Duties of Sahayatin l Who Are The Devils l شیطان l
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Shayāṭīn (شياطين; devils or demons), singular: Shayṭān (شَيْطٰان) are evil spirits in Islamic belief, inciting the heart (قَلْب qalb) via waswasaħ (وَسْوَسَة, “whispering”).[1] By such, they always try to lead humans astray.[2] Although demons are usually spoken of in abstract terms, and more often described by their evil influences only, they are depicted as ugly and grotesque creatures of hell-fire.
Etymology and terminology
The word Šayṭān (Arabic: شَيْطَان) originates from the Hebrew שָׂטָן (Śāṭān) "accuser, adversary" (which is the source of the English Satan). However Arabic etymology relates the word to the root š-ṭ-n ("distant, astray") taking a theological connotation designating a creature distant from divine mercy.[3] In pre-Islamic Arabia this term was used to designate an evil spirit, but only used by poets who were in contact with Jews and Christians.[4] With the emergence of Islam the meaning of shayatin moved closer to the Christian concept of devils.[5] The term shayatin appears in a similar way in the Book of Enoch; denoting the hosts of the devil.[6] Taken from Islamic sources, "shaitan" may either be translated as "demon" or as "devil".[7] Among Muslim authors, the term can also apply to evil supernatural entities in general as to evil jinn, fallen angels or Tawaghit.[8][9][10] In a broader sense, the term is used to designate everything from an ontological perspective, that is a manifestation of evil.[11]
Theology
Quran
Mentioned 88 times, the Shayatin together with the angels, are the most frequently mentioned spirits in the Quran. In the story of Adam and Eve, a shaitan tempts Adam to eat from the forbidden tree, arguing, God only prohibited its fruit, so they shall not become immortal, as narrated in Quran 7:20. According to Quran 15:16-18 shayatin rise against heaven in attempt to steal its secrets, but are chased by meteorites, however, unlike the jinn, may partly succeed, snapping some information.[12] 2:102 mentions the shayatin as the teachers of sorcery. Quran 37:62–68 describes the fruits of Zaqqum, the tree of hell, as heads of shayatin. Surah 6:112 mentions shayatin among Ins (humans) and jinn (jinn). According to some exegetes, the term is used as an epithet to describe rebellious men and jinn, but to others, referring to shayatin who tempt among the jinn, and whose, who tempt among humans.[13]
Hadith
The hadith-literature depicts the shayatin as malevolent forces closely bound to humans and points to the presence of a Muslim's everyday life. A shaitan is assigned to every human (with Jesus as exception), and shayatin are said to move through the blood of human. Sahih Muslim mentions among the shayatin five sons of Iblis, who bring everyday calamities: Tir, “who brings about calamities, loses, and injuries; Al-A’war, who encourages debauchery; Sut, who suggests lies; Dasim, who causes hatred between man and wife; Zalambur, who presides over places of traffic."[14] Shayatin try to disrupt the prayer or the ablution. Further they might appear in dreams, and terrorize people. When someone yawns, the mouth should be covered, since the shayatin might enter the body. The sun is said to set and rise between the horns of a shaitan, when prayers should cease, since this is the moment the doors of hell opened.[15] Sahih al-Bukhari and Jami` at-Tirmidhi state that the shayatin can not harm the believers during the month of Ramadan, since they are chained in Jahannam (Gehenna (hellfire)).[16]
Exegesis
The shayatin make up one of three classes of supernatural creatures in Islamic theology. But since they share, like jinn the characteristics of invisibility, some scholars put them merely under one category of the supernatural. However the prevailing opinion among the mufassirs distinguish between the jinn and shayatin as following:[17][18]
While among the jinn, there are different types of believers (Muslims, Christians, Jewish, polytheists, etc.), the shayatin are exclusively evil.
The jinn are mortals and die, while the shayatin only die, when their leader ceases to exist. The father of the jinn is Al-Jann and the father of the shayatin is Iblis.[a]
The shayatin are spirits of the hell-fire,[20][21] and although their origin is, like that of the angels, not mentioned in the Quran, Islamic scholars repeatedly asserted the idea, that the shayatin have been created from either smoke[22] or the hell-fire itself.[23] Comparable to demons or devils in Christian theology,
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